Thu, May 15, 2025
[ Thu, May 15th ] - TravelPulse
New Survey Reveals Entertainment is Driving Travel
[ Thu, May 15th ] - Reuters
Hungarian media, activists protest against crackdown on foreign-funded groups
[ Thu, May 15th ] - ESPN
Unwell Leclerc skips Imola media day
[ Thu, May 15th ] - Fortune
Top CD rates today, May 15, 2025
[ Thu, May 15th ] - HuffPost
Max Changes Name Back To HBO Max, And People On Social Media Are... Confused
[ Thu, May 15th ] - NPR
Under attack, public media makes its case to Congress and the courts
[ Thu, May 15th ] - Variety
'Sh?gun' Star Cosmo Jarvis to Lead 'Young Stalin' .. terest' Producer Access Entertainment (EXCLUSIVE)
[ Thu, May 15th ] - BBC
Teenagers being exposed to violent social media content
Wed, May 14, 2025
[ Wed, May 14th ] - TheWrap
Skybound Entertainment Acquires Digital Creator Firm Nine Four Entertainment
[ Wed, May 14th ] - ESPN
Each NFL teams' social media 2025 schedule release
[ Wed, May 14th ] - Movieguide
Don't Underestimate Christian Media
[ Wed, May 14th ] - fingerlakes1
How Finger Lakes Casinos Became Entertainment Hubs | Fingerlakes1.com
[ Wed, May 14th ] - KRIV
Mixed arguments for proposed Texas bill to ban minors from social media
[ Wed, May 14th ] - Forbes
From BINI To Sheetal Devi: Meet The Breakthrough .. 2025 30 Under 30 Asia Entertainment & Sports List
[ Wed, May 14th ] - Variety
Initial Group and Untitled Tap Matt Leonard as Vice President, Corporate Communications
[ Wed, May 14th ] - fox17online
Entertainment News: May 14, 2025
[ Wed, May 14th ] - Vibe
'Grounded In The Stars' Times Square Statue Sparks Social Media Debate
[ Wed, May 14th ] - Deadline
Former Netflix Execs Rob Guillermo & Nihaar Sinha Launch Indus Valley Media
[ Wed, May 14th ] - KTTV
Santa Monica's new 'entertainment zone' approved: What to know
[ Wed, May 14th ] - CNET
47 of the Best TV Shows on Netflix That Will Keep You Entertained
[ Wed, May 14th ] - BBC
Manchester United host media day before Europa League final - latest
[ Wed, May 14th ] - legit
Anene Sylvia Unveiled as Brand Ambassador for Media Firm
[ Wed, May 14th ] - CNN
How Russia is using social media to keep a grip on occupied Mariupol | CNN
[ Wed, May 14th ] - Reuters
Tajikistan decriminalises 'liking' social media posts deemed extremist
[ Wed, May 14th ] - Impacts
The Rise of Micro-Influencers in Black Entertainment Circles
[ Wed, May 14th ] - Fortune
Top CD rates today, May 14, 2025
[ Wed, May 14th ] - Newsweek
Carlos King: The media mogul making diversity reality on TV
[ Wed, May 14th ] - WAVE3
LIVE : Mayor Greenberg's weekly media briefing
[ Wed, May 14th ] - Eater
Eater and Punch Nominated for 6 James Beard Media Awards
[ Wed, May 14th ] - Truthout
Trump Says Foreign Movies Are "Propaganda," Orders 100 Percent Tariff
[ Wed, May 14th ] - wjla
Arlington Washington Commanders | News, Weather, Sports, Breaking News
[ Wed, May 14th ] - Adweek
Gray Media Names GMs of Nebraska Stations
[ Wed, May 14th ] - WLOX
Free Flowin' Fest brings entertainment to Pascagoula's Beach Park
Tue, May 13, 2025
[ Tue, May 13th ] - BBC
Arrest over social media post about mosque plan
[ Tue, May 13th ] - Patch
Huntington Director To Be Honored At LI Music And Entertainment Hall Of Fame
[ Tue, May 13th ] - wjla
Arlington Professionals | News, Weather, Sports, Breaking News
[ Tue, May 13th ] - TechRadar
"A win for privacy" - Florida rejects the encryption backdoor law for social media
[ Tue, May 13th ] - Out
Social media companies are failing LGBTQ+ community, GLAAD reports
[ Tue, May 13th ] - Reuters
Pope urges media to end divisiveness, calls for release of jailed reporters
[ Tue, May 13th ] - HoopsHype
Mavericks plan to draft Cooper Flagg No. 1 overall, will not entertain trading the pick
[ Tue, May 13th ] - WMUR
Florida Panthers vice chairman Doug Cifu suspended by NHL over comments on social media
[ Tue, May 13th ] - Adweek
Billionaire Brooklyn Nets Owners Launch Media Company, Type.Set.Brooklyn
[ Tue, May 13th ] - fox17online
Entertainment News: May 13, 2025
[ Tue, May 13th ] - Forbes
Why Compelling, Newsworthy And Relevant Stories Are Key To Getting Earned Media Coverage
[ Tue, May 13th ] - PennLive
Rachael Ray's latest social media post leaves fans concerned and asking if she's 'okay'
[ Tue, May 13th ] - Variety
Variety Nominated for 93 SoCal Journalism Awards, .. t Website and Six Nods for Journalist of the Year
[ Tue, May 13th ] - TSN
Entertainer Lilly Singh joins ownership group of Toronto's WNBA expansion team | TSN
[ Tue, May 13th ] - news4sanantonio
San Antonio Cowboys | News, Weather, Sports, Breaking News
[ Tue, May 13th ] - The Advocate
LGBTQ+ people's safety has plummeted across social media platforms: report
[ Tue, May 13th ] - Newsweek
Nancy Mace sues businessman over social media posts
[ Tue, May 13th ] - Chicago Tribune
4 things we learned at Chicago Sky media day, including Angel Reese's new playmaking role
[ Tue, May 13th ] - Cleveland.com
Frustrated by pace of power plant approval, Matt Huffman entertains leaving PJM: Capitol Letter
[ Tue, May 13th ] - Ghanaweb.com
TGMA 2025: Two 'flopped' performances that got social media talking
[ Tue, May 13th ] - Missouri Independent
Why cutting public broadcasting huts Missouri communities
[ Tue, May 13th ] - KUTV
Salt Lake City Soar | News, Weather, Sports, Breaking News
[ Tue, May 13th ] - Fortune
Best CD rates today, May 13, 2025
[ Tue, May 13th ] - Sporting News
Lance McCullers threats, explained: Why Houston p .. rks towards Astros pitcher | Sporting News Canada
[ Tue, May 13th ] - ThePrint
Bright Outdoor Media Official Outdoor Media Partner of India @ 2047 Summit
[ Tue, May 13th ] - Berkshire Eagle
Top Articles for March 3, 2025
[ Tue, May 13th ] - CBS News
Manteca looks to be next entertainment hub in San Joaquin County
[ Tue, May 13th ] - SB Nation
Addressing the one-sided media coverage of the Knicks-Celtics series
[ Tue, May 13th ] - Athlon Sports
Knicks Owner Makes Rare Social Media Appearance With Only Two Words
[ Tue, May 13th ] - Mid Day
Mid-Day Top News at this hour: Iconic Reay Road b .. ing obscene content targeting Hindu Gods and more
[ Tue, May 13th ] - NBC New York
California lawmakers push to have warning labels on social media
[ Tue, May 13th ] - Sports Illustrated
Social Media Reacts to Potential Chiefs-Chargers Brazil Game
[ Tue, May 13th ] - WAVY
Dangerous social media trend causes damage to schools
Mon, May 12, 2025
[ Mon, May 12th ] - Futurism
Gannett Is Using AI to Pump Brainrot Gambling Content Into Newspapers Across the Country
[ Mon, May 12th ] - Steelers Wire
George Pickens blasts Steelers on social media: 'They the cheapest organization'
[ Mon, May 12th ] - Orange County Register
OCVIBE generating buzz across O.C. with unique entertaining, dining, living and more
[ Mon, May 12th ] - The Salt Lake Tribune
Pope Leo calls on news media to shun divisive language
[ Mon, May 12th ] - Sporting News
As Bill Belichick weathers media backlash, his bodyguard Chad sparks his own | Sporting News
[ Mon, May 12th ] - wjla
Arlington Sponsored | News, Weather, Sports, Breaking News
[ Mon, May 12th ] - Athlon Sports
Belichick Interview Biggest Test of Strahan's Media Career
[ Mon, May 12th ] - The Raw Story
'Entertainment person': Trump gives backhanded praise to celebrity admin picks
[ Mon, May 12th ] - SmartCompany
SmartCompany is coming to a cafe or co-working space near you
[ Mon, May 12th ] - WBAY
Oshkosh Media division receives Midwest awards
[ Mon, May 12th ] - RomaPress
Roma players refuse to speak to media after Bergamo loss
[ Mon, May 12th ] - Delishably
Pope Leo XIV's Chicago Roots Stir Deep Dish Pizza Frenzy on Social Media
[ Mon, May 12th ] - The Boston Globe
Pope Leo calls for news media to shun divisive language - The Boston Globe
[ Mon, May 12th ] - Seeking Alpha
Tencent Music Entertainment Q1 2025 Earnings Preview (NYSE:TME)
[ Mon, May 12th ] - Boston.com
Gisele Bundchen breaks social media silence with first public photo of new baby son
[ Mon, May 12th ] - Patch
New Roc City Community Solar Farm Grows Above Entertainment Venue
[ Mon, May 12th ] - Los Angeles Times
Jon Voight, Sylvester Stallone and entertainment groups lobby Trump for tax provisions
[ Mon, May 12th ] - Football Italia
Gasperini: 'Atalanta vs. Roma will be entertaining, Lookman can play extra time'
[ Mon, May 12th ] - fox17online
Entertainment News: May 12, 2025
[ Mon, May 12th ] - People
Nicole Scherzinger, Jon M. Chu and Lisa Among Gol .. House's 2025 Most Impactful Asian Pacific Leaders
[ Mon, May 12th ] - pix11
New production studio brings jobs, movies and shows to NYC
[ Mon, May 12th ] - Entertainment Weekly
Justin Baldoni ends social media hiatus to post about family amid Blake Lively legal battle
[ Mon, May 12th ] - Page Six
Exclusive | Steve Wynn's stepson Nick Hissom rele .. song and music video starring adult entertainers
[ Mon, May 12th ] - Deadline.com
Greenwich Entertainment Acquires Matthew Shear's SXSW Prize-Winner 'Fantasy Life'
[ Mon, May 12th ] - Sports Illustrated
Blue Jays Could Entertain Trading Chris Bassitt if Season Goes South
[ Mon, May 12th ] - Snopes
Denzel Washington and Chief Justice John Roberts didn't argue in US Supreme Court
[ Mon, May 12th ] - PBS
NJ Spotlight News | Push to hold social media companies accountable | Season 2023
[ Mon, May 12th ] - Variety
Tribeca X Sets Speakers Including Bryan Cranston, .. and Lena Waithe for Entertainment Marketing Talks
[ Mon, May 12th ] - The Jerusalem Post Blogs
The changing landscape in today's media: David Zaikin to attend the New York Conference
[ Mon, May 12th ] - The New York Times
Pope Leo XIV Calls for News Media to Shun Divisive Language
[ Mon, May 12th ] - Reuters
China's official media welcome US tariff deal, others sceptical
[ Mon, May 12th ] - Fox News
Fox to launch new streaming service 'FOX One' this fall
[ Mon, May 12th ] - Forbes
16 Important Media Trends Impacting The PR Landscape In 2025
[ Mon, May 12th ] - Post and Courier
Mom's Choice: Entertainment
[ Mon, May 12th ] - Ghanaweb.com
TGMAs 2025: Five spectacular performances that got social media talking
[ Mon, May 12th ] - Vanity Fair
Fox News' Greg Gutfeld on Trump, the Manosphere, and Hosting the "Strangest Game Show Ever"
[ Mon, May 12th ] - Fortune
Best CD rates today, May 9, 2025
[ Mon, May 12th ] - Mid Day
Mid-Day Top News at this hour: By year-end, freig .. case of Mumbai's disappearing footpaths and more
[ Mon, May 12th ] - SB Nation
Yankees Social Media: Homecoming 2025
[ Mon, May 12th ] - Associated Press
Japan's retired former emperor is to be hospitalized for heart tests, Japanese media say
Sun, May 11, 2025
[ Sun, May 11th ] - Sporting News
Bucks superstar Giannis Antetokounmpo entertains .. bout possible exit from Milwaukee | Sporting News
[ Sun, May 11th ] - People
Justin Baldoni Breaks Social Media Silence amid B .. Lively Legal Battle to Share Mother's Day Tribute
[ Sun, May 11th ] - The News-Gazette
Marion Arts Festival 2025
[ Sun, May 11th ] - Impacts
The New Power Shift in Digital Entertainment: How Creators Are Reclaiming Control
[ Sun, May 11th ] - St. Louis Post-Dispatch
Charlamagne tha God talks podcasts, publishing and media empire
[ Sun, May 11th ] - Deadline.com
Shawn Levy's 21 Laps Entertainment Taps Robert Atwood As Head Of Television
[ Sun, May 11th ] - Sports Illustrated
Social Media Reacts to Nuggets Beating OKC Thunder in Overtime Thriller
[ Sun, May 11th ] - reuters.com
Trump Media seeking M&A activity in diversification bid
[ Sun, May 11th ] - Ghanaweb.com
'Is he normal?' - Prophet Uche sparks outrage on .. edia after declaring new Pope will die in 4 years
[ Sun, May 11th ] - Deadline
Upfronts Blend Showmanship With Anxiety As Media Giants Vie With Streamers And Economic Jitters
[ Sun, May 11th ] - Delishably
Costco Just Released an 'Elegant' Entertaining Es .. at Features an Unexpected Surprise: 'I Need This'
[ Sun, May 11th ] - Dengarden
Shoppers Are Racing to Costco for This Summer Entertaining Staple
[ Sun, May 11th ] - wjla
Arlington TROUBLESHOOTER | News, Weather, Sports, Breaking News
[ Sun, May 11th ] - dw
Media development for security and stability in Europe
[ Sun, May 11th ] - Seeking Alpha
Golden Entertainment, Inc. (GDEN) Q1 2025 Earnings Call Transcript
[ Sun, May 11th ] - Athlon Sports
Shedeur Sanders didn't hold back with media during Browns minicamp
[ Sun, May 11th ] - Fortune
Trump Media said it had 'material weakness' in internal controls
[ Sun, May 11th ] - newsbytesapp.com
Riddhima Kapoor to debut with comic entertainer: Everything to know
[ Sun, May 11th ] - Variety
Manager Dan Spilo Dropped by Industry Entertainme .. Penn After Inappropriate Behavior on 'Runner' Set
[ Sun, May 11th ] - Fox News
Liberal media melts down over Trump's military parade plan, calling it 'authoritarian'
[ Sun, May 11th ] - Mid Day
Mid-Day Top News at this hour: Andheri's Gokhale .. r baggage for free, says Western Railway and more
[ Sun, May 11th ] - Yen.com.gh
"It's bad": Akwaboah reacts to negative comments on social media
[ Sun, May 11th ] - Forbes
MediaCo Unveils Estrella Media 2025 Programming Slate, Launches HOT 97 FAST Channel
[ Sun, May 11th ] - Total Pro Sports
Social Media Is Praying For Caitlin Clark's Teammate
[ Sun, May 11th ] - The Kitchn
People Are Losing Their Cool on Social Media over This Viral Tuna Melt
[ Sun, May 11th ] - Le Monde.fr
Capybaras are the new social media stars
[ Sun, May 11th ] - Associated Press
Asian Entertainment Headlines at 4:07 a.m. GMT
Sat, May 10, 2025
[ Sat, May 10th ] - wjla
Arlington Crime | News, Weather, Sports, Breaking News
[ Sat, May 10th ] - news4sanantonio
New Pope, old tweets: Pope Leo XIV's past social media posts reveal views on US politics
[ Sat, May 10th ] - RepublicWorld
Rahul Vaidya Buys A Swanky Land Rover Range Rover .. or Whopping ?2 Crore, Netizens Drop ROFL Comments
[ Sat, May 10th ] - PBS
NJ Spotlight News | Fighting misinformation about vaccines on social media | Season 2021
[ Sat, May 10th ] - ESPN
'This is so exhausting': The Knicks' season as told by Ben Stiller's social media
[ Sat, May 10th ] - TechRepublic
Meta's FTC Trial: Is Instagram for Friends or Entertainment?
[ Sat, May 10th ] - Forbes
Trump Media Warns Of 'Material Weakness' In Financial Controls
[ Sat, May 10th ] - KMSP
Baby bonus, social media tax, sports betting squeeze into tax bills
[ Sat, May 10th ] - Fortune
Meta's new rules block teenagers from livestreaming on Instagram
[ Sat, May 10th ] - Deadline
Stoked Sports & Entertainment Adapting Story Of NFL Hall of Famer Lawrence Taylor For Film & TV
[ Sat, May 10th ] - Mashable
Can a media company succeed without Facebook? This startup says yes.
[ Sat, May 10th ] - People
Fox News Guest Faints and Falls Out of Chair During Live Broadcast After Losing Train of Thought
[ Sat, May 10th ] - KUTV
Salt Lake City Belonging in Utah | News, Weather, Sports, Breaking News
[ Sat, May 10th ] - devdiscourse
WAVES 2025: The Ultimate Global Summit for Media, Entertainment, and Technology
[ Sat, May 10th ] - kq2
Wykert's entertainment presence growing
[ Sat, May 10th ] - Insider
Hollywood's biggest winners and losers from Trump's potential movie tariffs
Fri, May 9, 2025
[ Fri, May 09th ] - Forbes
How To Shine In Media Interviews: 18 Expert Tips For New Leaders
[ Fri, May 09th ] - KXAN
Hays CISD laptops damaged due to social media challenge
[ Fri, May 09th ] - Kotaku
Here's Why Tony Hawk 4's Career Mode Is Gone In THPS 3+4
[ Fri, May 09th ] - fox13now
County to vote on sale of Salt Palace land to Smith Entertainment Group
[ Fri, May 09th ] - WJZY
Pope Leo XIV previously shared criticism of Trump administration on social media
[ Fri, May 09th ] - fox17online
Entertainment News: May 9, 2025
[ Fri, May 09th ] - Deadline
Gersh Signs Children's Media Company Totoy
[ Fri, May 09th ] - CNBC
Buy this media stock that's 'positioned for sustained success,' says Jefferies
[ Fri, May 09th ] - BBC
Paedophile targeted girls on social media - police
[ Fri, May 09th ] - People
Fox News Commentator Faints and Falls Out of Chai .. ring Live Broadcast After Losing Train of Thought
[ Fri, May 09th ] - TheNewsCenter
Arts and entertainment events happening May 8th-11th across the Mid-Ohio Valley
[ Fri, May 09th ] - WGME
Permission to Post: Revisiting when and how to allow social media for your kids
[ Fri, May 09th ] - Newsweek
Robert Prevost's posts on social media question Trump's immigration policy
[ Fri, May 09th ] - Reuters
China, Russia vow to strengthen cooperation on international law matters, state media reports
[ Fri, May 09th ] - Fortune
CD rates today, May 9, 2025
[ Fri, May 09th ] - WHIO
'Troubling social media trend' has students forcing objects into Chromebooks
[ Fri, May 09th ] - Today
ACM Awards 2025 recap: Lainey Wilson wins entertainer of the year, performances and more
[ Fri, May 09th ] - Newsd
Govt Issues Advisory Barring Live Coverage of Defence Operations by Media
[ Fri, May 09th ] - Jerry
Why Robert Saleh didn't entertain non-49ers job opportunities
[ Fri, May 09th ] - Variety
Jeremy Irons, Vanessa Redgrave and Michael York J .. e Crystal Planet,' Sold by Sola Media (EXCLUSIVE)
[ Fri, May 09th ] - wjla
Arlington Bottom Line With Boris | News, Weather, Sports, Breaking News
Thu, May 8, 2025
[ Thu, May 08th ] - Billboard
Lainey Wilson Talks About 'Imposter Syndrome' Aft .. inning Entertainer of the Year at 2025 ACM Awards
[ Thu, May 08th ] - wjla
Arlington Connect To Congress | News, Weather, Sports, Breaking News
[ Thu, May 08th ] - Veranda
This Colorful Bahamas Home Features a "Party Grotto" Made for Entertaining
[ Thu, May 08th ] - People
Jelly Roll Showcases New Look, Reveals Who He Wan .. er of the Year at the 2025 ACM Awards (Exclusive)
[ Thu, May 08th ] - Parade
Anthony Anderson and Cedric the Entertainer Have .. oment Thanks to Oprah and Don Cheadle (Exclusive)
[ Thu, May 08th ] - Forbes
First American Pope Received Mixed Reception On Social Media
[ Thu, May 08th ] - TheWrap
Hollywood Insiders Say 'Depression-Era Level' Pro .. s Makes State Incentives Urgent | Exclusive Video
[ Thu, May 08th ] - Variety
CAA Leaders Talk Agency's Evolution, Social Media .. rowth: 'Our Job Description Has Expanded So Much'
[ Thu, May 08th ] - bjpenn
Dricus Du Plessis opens up on rumors of injury de .. : "I found it all very entertaining" | BJPenn.com
[ Thu, May 08th ] - WSAZ
2025 entertainment lineup for Live on the Levee announced
[ Thu, May 08th ] - Fortune
Exclusive: Meta in talks to deploy stablecoins th .. years after giving up on landmark crypto project
[ Thu, May 08th ] - SheKnows
Amazon Has a Prime-Exclusive Deal on This Top-Rat .. That Keeps Hyperactive Cats Entertained for Hours
[ Thu, May 08th ] - Deadline
Mel Rodriguez Signs With Innovative Artists Entertainment
[ Thu, May 08th ] - Reuters
FBI probes New York AG James over mortgage fraud allegations, media reports
[ Thu, May 08th ] - HuffPost
Dozens Of Social Media Influencers Rescued From Sinking Yacht
[ Thu, May 08th ] - Newsweek
The Future of Media Is Bright and More Evenly Distributed
[ Thu, May 08th ] - KUTV
Salt Lake City Sports Newsletter | News, Weather, Sports, Breaking News
[ Thu, May 08th ] - ThePrint
Quantext Media Partners with Gazprom-Media Holdin .. s-Border Content and Creator-Brand Collaborations
[ Thu, May 08th ] - AFP
Trump to announce trade deal with UK on Thursday: US media
[ Thu, May 08th ] - TheBlast
Anna Wintour's Strict No-Social Media Policy Kicked To The Curb At 2025 Met Gala
[ Thu, May 08th ] - news4sanantonio
San Antonio Promotions | News, Weather, Sports, Breaking News
Wed, May 7, 2025
[ Wed, May 07th ] - ABC7
Anthony Anderson, Cedric The Entertainer open new barbecue restaurant in Century City
[ Wed, May 07th ] - Deadline
Ben and Dan Newmark & Their Grandma's House Entertainment Sign With UTA
[ Wed, May 07th ] - Eater
Here Are the 2025 James Beard Awards Restaurant, Chef, and Media Award Finalists
[ Wed, May 07th ] - Impacts
Getting Started with Dailymotion Video Downloads: A Beginner's Manual
[ Wed, May 07th ] - Forbes
Trump's War On The Media Explained: Enlists FCC, Congress And The Courts
[ Wed, May 07th ] - Investopedia
Netflix, Media Stocks Drop After Trump Orders Tariffs on Foreign-Made Films
[ Wed, May 07th ] - Variety
'Ne Zha 2' Sets Russia Theatrical Release With Ar .. a Media-All Rights Entertainment Deal (EXCLUSIVE)
[ Wed, May 07th ] - PBS
Nebraska Public Media News | CSI on Trial

Here's Why Tony Hawk 4's Career Mode Is Gone In THPS 3+4


//media-entertainment.news-articles.net/content/ .. ny-hawk-4-s-career-mode-is-gone-in-thps-3-4.html
Published in Media and Entertainment on Friday, May 9th 2025 at 16:24 GMT by Kotaku   Print publication without navigation

  • According to Iron Galaxy, the choice was made to create a more cohesive package

The article from Kotaku discusses the career mode in the remastered versions of Tony Hawk's Pro Skater 3 and 4, highlighting how these modes differ from the original games. In Tony Hawk's Pro Skater 3, players start with a limited set of tricks and must progress through various challenges to unlock more, with the career mode structured around completing goals in different levels to advance. Tony Hawk's Pro Skater 4 introduces a more open-ended approach, allowing players to choose their path through the game, with the ability to switch between different skaters and customize their appearance. Both games feature a mix of classic and new goals, providing a fresh experience for returning players while maintaining the essence of the original games.

Read the Full Kotaku Article at:
[ https://kotaku.com/tony-hawk-pro-skater-3-4-career-mode-explained-1851780036 ]

Publication Contributing Sources